Citrus Swallowtail
Common NameCitrus Swallowtail
Scientific NamePapilio demodocus
FamilyPapilionidae
SubfamilyPapilioninae
Wingspan (mm)100
Primary Colorsblack, white, cream, red, blue
HabitatGardens, orchards, open woodlands, savannas, cultivated areas
Geographic RangeSub-Saharan Africa, Arabian Peninsula
Host PlantsCitrus spp., Clausena anisata, Teclea trifoliata, Vepris spp.
Flight PeriodYear-round in warmer regions (multiple generations)
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Lifecycle NotesLarvae initially mimic bird droppings, later becoming green with false eyespots. Pupae are typically green or brown and camouflaged.
Identification TipsKey features include the distinctive black and white spotted pattern, the broad cream band on the hindwings, and the red and blue ocelli (eyespots) on the hindwings. It lacks tails, which distinguishes it from many other swallowtails.
Description
A large, striking butterfly with black wings heavily marked with numerous cream to white spots and a broad, irregular cream band across the hindwings. The hindwings also feature prominent red and blue eyespots near the tails.
