European Peacock
Image: Wenceslaus Hollar (Public domain)
Common NameEuropean Peacock
Scientific NameAglais io
FamilyNymphalidae
SubfamilyNymphalinae
Wingspan (mm)55
Wing Patterneyespot
Primary Colorsreddish-brown, blue, black
HabitatWoodlands, meadows, gardens, parks, hedgerows
Geographic RangeEurope and temperate Asia, from the British Isles to Japan
Host Plantsstinging nettle
Flight PeriodMarch to October (overwintering adults and multiple broods)
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Lifecycle NotesEggs are laid in batches on stinging nettle leaves. Larvae are black and spiny, feeding gregariously. Pupae are typically green or brown, camouflaged. Adults emerge and often overwinter before breeding in spring.
Identification TipsThe most distinctive feature is the large, iridescent blue and black eyespot on each wing, especially noticeable on the hindwings, set against a reddish-brown background.
Description
A medium-sized butterfly with rich reddish-brown wings, each bearing a large, striking blue, black, and yellow eyespot, particularly prominent on the hindwings.
