Grayling
Image: Rochus van Veen (Public domain)
Common NameGrayling
Scientific NameHipparchia semele
FamilyNymphalidae
SubfamilySatyrinae
Wingspan (mm)50
Primary Colorsbrown, grey, orange
HabitatDry grasslands, heathland, coastal dunes, open woodlands, rocky areas
Geographic RangeEurope, North Africa
Host PlantsFestuca spp. (fescues), Agrostis spp. (bents), Molinia caerulea (purple moor-grass)
Flight PeriodJune to September
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Lifecycle NotesEggs are laid singly on grass blades. Larvae feed on various grasses and overwinter as caterpillars. Pupation occurs at the base of host plants.
Identification TipsLook for the distinctive cryptic, mottled grey-brown underside of the hindwings when at rest, which provides excellent camouflage. A prominent eyespot on the forewing, often visible even when wings are closed, is a key identifier. They have a strong, erratic flight and often settle on the ground or tree trunks.
Description
A medium-sized butterfly characterized by its highly cryptic mottled grey-brown underside, which resembles tree bark or dry leaves, and a prominent eyespot on the forewing. The upper side is typically orange-brown with dark markings and eyespots.
