Peppered Moth
Image: MicrocosmicWorld (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Common NamePeppered Moth
Scientific NameBiston betularia
FamilyGeometridae
SubfamilyEnnominae
Wingspan (mm)45
Primary Colorsgrey, black, white
HabitatWoodlands, forests, parks, urban gardens, and areas with deciduous trees.
Geographic RangeWidespread across the Palearctic region (Europe, Asia) and North America. The subspecies *nepalensis* is found in the Himalayan region.
Host Plantsbirch, willow, oak, elm, lime, fruit trees
Flight PeriodMay to August (in temperate regions), typically univoltine.
Flight Stylefluttering
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Lifecycle NotesThe larvae, known as 'loopers' or 'inchworms', are excellent mimics of twigs. They pupate in the soil or leaf litter, emerging as adults after overwintering.
Identification TipsDistinguished by its highly variable speckled or mottled wing pattern, which can range from light grey to nearly black, mimicking lichen or bark. Often rests with wings flat against a surface, and its larvae are twig-mimics.
Description
This moth exhibits a highly variable, mottled pattern of grey, black, and white on its broad wings, providing exceptional camouflage against tree bark or lichen. When at rest, its wings lie flat, creating a triangular shape that further aids its cryptic appearance.
