Pine Emperor
Common NamePine Emperor
Scientific NameNudaurelia cytherea
FamilySaturniidae
SubfamilySaturniinae
Wingspan (mm)120
Primary Colorsbrown, orange, pink, black, yellow
HabitatPine plantations, fynbos, woodlands
Geographic RangeSouthern Africa (South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho)
Host PlantsPinus, Eucalyptus, Rhus, Protea, Acacia
Flight PeriodFebruary to May
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Lifecycle NotesLarvae are large, spiny caterpillars that feed on pine needles and other host plants, undergoing several instars before pupating in the soil. Adults emerge to mate and lay eggs, typically having a short adult lifespan.
Identification TipsDistinguished by its large size, overall reddish-brown coloration, and the striking, multi-colored eyespots (typically yellow, black, and blue/grey) on all four wings, surrounded by pale and dark bands.
Description
A large, robust moth with reddish-brown to orange-brown wings, featuring prominent multi-ringed eyespots on both forewings and hindwings, bordered by distinct pinkish-white and darker brown bands. The body is densely covered in orange-brown fur.
